TOS 1.04 sources reconstructed

[ThorstenOtto]

Inspired by some topic in the exxos forum, i finally settled down and finished what i had already started when working on the TOS 2.x/3.x sources some years ago. As a result, there are now sources available that can be used to

compile all the original TOS 1.04 ROM images from sources

You don't believe it? Take a look at https://github.com/th-otto/tos1x and try yourself.

I has been tested for all languages were i could find original ROM images (us, de, fr, uk, es, it, se, fi, no, sf, sg, nl). The se (swedish) ROM that i found had some patches applied (those that are supposed to be fixed by TOS14FIX).
Czech is also available, which seems to be just a patched german version.

The nl (dutch) version (taken from http://avtandil.narod.ru/tos/tos104nl.zip) is a bit strange : it is the only one, where the VDI code is 4 bytes shorter than in all the others (does not affect functionality in any way, just two branches that are optimized out). However, due to that difference, all absolute addresses after that, and all absolute references to the data segment, are off by 4 bytes, which makes it highly unlikely that this is just a patched version.

[TheNameOfTheGame]

Wow, quite an accomplishment!

[Count]

This is really nice.

[ragnar76]

Works like a charm! Thx for all your effort. I find the line Atari Corp. 2/28/90 very interesting, next year it's getting 32 years old

Code: Select all

../bin64/ar68 -r desk.a desksupp.o deskact.o deskdir.o rainbow.o deskapp1.o deskapp3.o deskdisk.o desktop.o deskfun.o deskinf.o deskpref.o deskins.o deskfpd.o deskwin.o deskobj.o deskshow.o deskif.o
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/ragnar/src/tos1x/desk'
make[1]: Entering directory '/home/ragnar/src/tos1x/glue'
AS startup.S
AS ../common/vars.S
AS ../common/tosvars.S
GEN glue.de
New Resource Glue
Atari Corp.   2/28/90
Please don't type in a three-letter abbrevation of the
country and don't hit escape key to quit.
Reading ../aes/rsc/104/gemde.rsc
Reading ../desk/rsc/104/deskde.rsc
Reading ../desk/rsc/104/deskde.inf
Writing glue.de
File size is $4226
Done.
GEN tosrscde.c
CC tosrscde.c
LD tos.img
../tools/mkrom pad 192k tos.img tos104de.img
# Padding tos.img to 192 KB image into tos104de.img
# tos104de.img done (922 bytes free)
make[1]: Leaving directory '/home/ragnar/src/tos1x/glue'

[TheNameOfTheGame]

Question...after editing "config.mak" for usa version and compiling (using gcc) I see the tos104us.img and the tos.img in the "glue" directory.

The tos.img file is 326128 bytes long but the resulting tos104us.img is down to the expected 196608 bytes.

Just curious what the final compile message means (and why tos.img is larger):

# Padding tos.img to 192 KB image into tos104us.img
# tos104us.img done (1066 bytes free)

[ThorstenOtto]

gcc can only be used to do compile test, it won't produce a working binary, and the 326k also include a symbol table which can be stripped. However in the default configuration, the build system will not use it. To get a usable version, you have to use the alcyon compiler (binaries for tos and linux are provided in the repo). More specifically, you really have to use the one from the repo, because i had to "hack" it a bit in order to produce the linef opcodes to replace function epilogues and function calls, the original one from the developer kit would not work. I still have no idea how Atari achieved that, maybe they wrote some extra tool for this.

[ijor]

Awesome work, many thanks and congratulations!

But please be careful with the wording. This is not really the TOS sources recovered. At least not what I expected when I saw the thread's title. Recovered sources means the original Atari/DRI sources with the original comments. Or at least it certainly could be interpreted that way.

Perhaps a more accurate wording would be reverse engineered (decompiled) sources?

Anyway, again, great job!

[TheNameOfTheGame]

gcc can only be used to do compile test, it won't produce a working binary, and the 326k also include a symbol table which can be stripped. However in the default configuration, the build system will not use it. To get a usable version, you have to use the alcyon compiler (binaries for tos and linux are provided in the repo). More specifically, you really have to use the one from the repo, because i had to "hack" it a bit in order to produce the linef opcodes to replace function epilogues and function calls, the original one from the developer kit would not work. I still have no idea how Atari achieved that, maybe they wrote some extra tool for this.

Ok, thanks for the tip. I recompiled after adjusting my PATH variable in the linux bash shell to see your modified alcyon compiler using "PATH=${PWD}/bin64:$PATH".

I used the resulting binary from the "glue" directory to boot the system in Steem and everything works good.

Happy Holidays!

[joska]

Thank you Thorsten! This will allow me to make the first ever "proper" Norwegian TOS 1.4. However, while "make COUNTRY=se" works, "make COUNTRY=no" fails with a "make: *** No rule to make target 'country_no', needed by 'all'. Stop.". This is when cross-compiling under Linux.

Also, when I try to compile on my MSTE the build stops at gemjstrt.S "can't open ..\bin\lineftab.txt: No such file or directory". I was using command.tos as shell, will try with mupfel later.

[ThorstenOtto]

Thank you Thorsten! This will allow me to make the first ever "proper" Norwegian TOS 1.4. However, while "make COUNTRY=se" works, "make COUNTRY=no" fails with a "make: *** No rule to make target 'country_no', needed by 'all'. Stop.". This is when cross-compiling under Linux.

Oops, i think norwegian version is not available. So the comment above is wrong (think i have copied from wrong place), but it is correctly tested in the makefile, that is why you get an error. But if you find some norwegian rom for either 1.04, 1.06 or 1.62, i can extract the resource and add it to the list. The resource files for all these TOS versions are identical.

Also, when I try to compile on my MSTE the build stops at gemjstrt.S "can't open ..\bin\lineftab.txt: No such file or directory". I was using command.tos as shell, will try with mupfel later.

My bad, the file is missing from the repo, because the /bin directory is ignored by git, and i forgot to explicitly add it. But in the meantime you can copy the file from the bin64 directory, it is the same.

Edit: ah. in TOS 2.06 the norwegian version actually uses the swedish resource, and also keyboard tables. So i guess there has never been an norwegian translatoion, and the only difference is the language code in the header? In that case, copying the resource files (and fixing the test in the Makefile) should just do for now.

[joska]

There has been no official Norwegian TOS since 1.00 actually. I see that in keytbl.c you have...

Code: Select all

#if (OS_COUNTRY == CTRY_SE) | (OS_COUNTRY == CTRY_FI) | (OS_COUNTRY == CTRY_NO)

...while in deskrsc.h there is...

Code: Select all

#if (OS_COUNTRY == CTRY_SE) | (OS_COUNTRY == CTRY_FI)

...and no check for CTRY_NO. By adding the missing resource-files and modify the language checks I managed to build a "norwegian" TOS 1.4 with a "norwegian" resource and keyboard table (both copies of the swedish versions) First checks indicates that the keyboard tables are broken in both, I will take a look at that when time permits.

[joska]

Oh, the keyboard is broken when building the german TOS as well. This was built before I made any changes whatsoever. It's broken in the same way as the swedish keyboard, some keys appears to be on the wrong row. This also affects the ALT-combos that are not defined in the tables, e.g. ALT+Ä which should result in ] on a German keyboard returns nothing, while * and ALT+* returns Ä and ].

Tested only in Hatari so far. Keyboard works correctly when using EmuTOS.

[BlankVector]

Great hack

[ThorstenOtto]

...while in deskrsc.h there is...

Code: Select all

#if (OS_COUNTRY == CTRY_SE) | (OS_COUNTRY == CTRY_FI)

...and no check for CTRY_NO.

To be honest, i can't remember what made me think that norwegian is supported. The tests are the same as in my 2.06 sources, and you will get the same error there when trying to build it. There are are also no norwegian resource files. So for now that does not work, until someone () manages to provide translated resource files. I guess the keyboard tables can be taken from EmuTOS or MiNT.

Oh, the keyboard is broken when building the german TOS as well. Tested only in Hatari so far.

Maybe a problem with Hatari, or you need the corresponding keyboard translation table. The resulting binary should be identical to the official TOS version, so it can't be a problem with the keyboard tables.

[troed]

Edit: ah. in TOS 2.06 the norwegian version actually uses the swedish resource, and also keyboard tables. So i guess there has never been an norwegian translatoion, and the only difference is the language code in the header?

(This is because while we allowed the Norwegians to believe they gained independence in 1905 they're actually still ours)

/Sweden

[Cyprian]

Inspired by some topic in the exxos forum, i finally settled down and finished what i had already started when working on the TOS 2.x/3.x sources some years ago. As a result, there are now sources available that can be used to

compile all the original TOS 1.04 ROM images from sources

You don't believe it? Take a look at https://github.com/th-otto/tos1x and try yourself.

well done Thorsten,

would be possible to create a git also for your work with TOS 2.x / 3.x http://tho-otto.de/download/tos306de.tar.bz2 ?

[davemacblack]

Czech is also available, which seems to be just a patched german version.

Since I had the opportunity to watch the creation of the Czech version from afar, I can confirm that it is indeed a patch of the German version of TOS. Around 1992, I and a few friends decided to become ATARI dealers through the newly established Czech dealership (ICC Prague) and one of my colleagues did the localization and modification on the German TOS system, which he extracted from his own 520 STFM. Since Czechoslovakia was under the Vienna distribution, only computers with the German system were shipped here, but we hoped that the version we had modified in this way would be passed on to ATARI by the distributor and that a localized version of TOS would be available here in the future. I personally handed over a burned EPROM with the localized TOS and TOS image on a floppy disk in the ICC offices, but I believe it never got any further and stayed in the dealer's drawer.
However, I can imagine that more similar Czech versions of TOS were created at that time, as communication between local communities was difficult and only took place at the level of meetings within clubs or through communication on FIDO.

[ThorstenOtto]

I can imagine that more similar Czech versions of TOS were created at that time, as communication between local communities was difficult and only took place at the level of meetings within clubs or through communication on FIDO.

Maybe you can have a look at the resource file, whether that is yours (the image was downloaded from http://avtandil.narod.ru/tose.html). In the 2.0x/3.0x it is the same, the czech version is a patched german ROM. Also, in both cases, the ROMs have a few patches for known bugs applied.

[joska]

So for now that does not work, until someone () manages to provide translated resource files.

Yes, that is my intention. I already have the correct keyboard tables, I only need to translate the RSC.

Maybe a problem with Hatari,

I agree, it's almost certainly a configuration problem with Hatari. A good example of why I'm not too fond of emulators. I will test on my STM as soon as time permits.

(This is because while we allowed the Norwegians to believe they gained independence in 1905 they're actually still ours)

I originally wrote a very true but also slightly offensive reply here, but decided to delete it before posting

[mikro]

I can imagine that more similar Czech versions of TOS were created at that time, as communication between local communities was difficult and only took place at the level of meetings within clubs or through communication on FIDO.

Maybe you can have a look at the resource file, whether that is yours (the image was downloaded from http://avtandil.narod.ru/tose.html). In the 2.0x/3.0x it is the same, the czech version is a patched german ROM. Also, in both cases, the ROMs have a few patches for known bugs applied.

I'm pretty sure that the most wide-spread version of TOS 1.04/2.06 was translated into Czech by Petr Stehlik a.k.a. Joy (and yes, he added those patches as well). The list of fixed bugs in the Czech version of 2.06 is as follows:

- set the shell-pointer to null after reset
- fixed boot device, bad booting from other logical partitions
- fixed stack pointer after execution in AUTO
- fixed "Applikationsstatus anders abfragen", "Überlängenwert auf Null setzen" and "Warteroutine von ARROW-Repeat ändern" bugs
- reset-proof ram disks are working now

[alanh]

Is there a tos2x too ?

[Cyprian]

Is there a tos2x too ?

I don't think so.
I asked about that here https://www.atari-forum.com/viewtopic.p ... 35#p427035

[alanh]

Oh man, that tarball does have 2.06 support awesome !

[ThorstenOtto]

would be possible to create a git also for your work with TOS 2.x / 3.x http://tho-otto.de/download/tos306de.tar.bz2 ?

I'm currently thinking about it. But they have already been uploaded to github by someone else (https://github.com/Kochise/atari-docs/t ... S/tos306de).

I'm also not sure whether i should clean it up, and remove the ifdefs for TOS < 2.00. As you may have seen, a lot of parts already contain the TOS 1.4 parts, but it won't compile to a identical image. There would be quite some places where i would have to add even more ifdefs. Most of them don't even affect functionality, and are just needed to be able to compare the ROMs. Now that 1.4 is complete, that's maybe not needed anymore. What do you think?

[Cyprian]

I'm currently thinking about it. But they have already been uploaded to github by someone else (https://github.com/Kochise/atari-docs/t ... S/tos306de).

thanks, I know that page but I didn't realize it was your work.

I'm also not sure whether i should clean it up, and remove the ifdefs for TOS < 2.00. As you may have seen, a lot of parts already contain the TOS 1.4 parts, but it won't compile to a identical image. There would be quite some places where i would have to add even more ifdefs. Most of them don't even affect functionality, and are just needed to be able to compare the ROMs. Now that 1.4 is complete, that's maybe not needed anymore. What do you think?

good question, in fact maybe would be better to have less ifdefs and have separate 1.x and 2x/3.x versions. I would vote for that.